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Unprecedented containment measures, in turn, triggered one of the most severe economic slumps since the Second World War. In less than six months, no region of the world was left untouched (save for a few Pacific islands) and virtually no aspect of our lives was unaffected. But even in the highly globalised world that existed at that time, there were parts of the world the disease did not reach.ĬOVID-19, on the other hand, has been the first truly global pandemic. A century ago, the Spanish flu spread like wildfire across the globe, infecting around a third of the world’s population at the time. The challenges have intensified in at least three ways: their scope, their complexity and their potential to amplify.įirst, the scope of today’s challenges is genuinely global. And global economic crises have been a feature of the world economy for as long as globalisation has existed.īut what makes the contemporary challenges unique is their sheer scale – and their potential to change the world profoundly.
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Pandemics have ravaged many parts of the world. Environmental threats such as smog and acid rain plagued the developed world in the 19th and 20th centuries. So what is it that makes the challenges we face now so difficult?
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Ultimately, we need to be guided by Leonardo da Vinci words: “learn how to see realise that everything connects to everything else.” The nature of today’s global challenges In my remarks this evening, I would like to explain why today’s challenges are different, why they can only be addressed by integrating scientific analysis deeply into policymaking, and why the public has to be mobilised in a new way to bring about change. We will not solve the challenges of today, in a world of “fake news”, unless we can bring the public on board. Second, they need to explain their analysis to the public in a way that reduces complexity and unites people around the case for action. And because we can never have perfect knowledge, they must be prepared to adjust their views as the facts change. In this context, good policymaking has to rest on two foundations.įirst, policymakers have to be committed to searching for the truth, as best they can, through robust analysis and evidence-based policymaking. This means that establishing the facts and understanding how they are interconnected is a precondition for charting a course through a shifting, uncertain world. Īt the same time, the nature of the challenges we face are increasingly global, complex and fast-moving. Indeed, falsehoods on Twitter are found to spread about 10 to 20 times faster than facts. We have seen during the pandemic how quickly misinformation can spread – be it about possible treatments, such as drinking chlorine, or about the safety of vaccines. Today, this task of distilling the truth is more urgent than ever. He did so via slogans forged on specially commissioned coins – an early version of a tweet. During the Roman civil war following the death of Julius Caesar, Octavian famously prevailed over Mark Antony by spreading “fake news” about his fitness for office. The task of separating truth from falsehood has plagued policymaking for centuries. It is a great pleasure to participate in this colloquium on science diplomacy. Lectio Magistralis by Christine Lagarde, President of the ECB, at the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei